Study Laukka (2007): study SE 2006

Public

65-75 aged, Sweden, 2006

Sample

Respondents

N = 280

Non Response

43

Assessment

Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Mailed questionnaire

Correlate

Authors's Label

Listening strategies

Our Classification

Error Estimates

CRONBACHS ALPHA Agency and Identity .90, Mood regulation .88, Relaxation and company .84, Enjoyment .82

Remarks

For better analysis they conducted a principal component analysis and interpreted 4 factors: Identity and agency, Mood regulation, Relaxation and company and Enjoyment. Because of low factor loadings some items were deleted. R² = .68

Distribution

MEANS and STANDARDDEVIATIONS
Agency and identiy 1.92 (1.16), Mood regulation 2.93 (1.36), Relaxation and company 3.17 (1.38), Enjoyment 4.32 (1.40)

Operationalization

Selfreports of the relative frequency of reasons for listening to music

A Identy and agency
  It strengthens my self image
  To express my personality
  To shield out the world around me
  To strengthen self esteem
  It makes me feel competnt
  To gain control of sounds in my surroundings
  
B Mood regulation
  It evokes memories
  Music induces emotions
  To enhance positive moods
  To vent emotions
  To reflect on my life
  To feel akin to others

C Relaxation and company
  To get company/background music
  To forget about the present
  To stir up energy
  To relax and calm down
  To reduce feelings of loneliness

D Enjoyment
  For entertainment
  It gives me pleasure
  Interest in music itself
  Its beautiful

Rated:
1 very seldom
2
3
4
5
6 very often

Observed Relation with Happiness