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Correlational findings

Study Veenhoven & Ouweneel (1995): study ZZ 1980

Public
Adults, general public, 26 nations, around 1980
Sample
Respondents
N = 35000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Growth welfare expenditure 1975-1985
Our Classification
Remarks
Source: ILO: 1988, The costs of social security, Geneva
Operationalization
Change in expenditures for social security in % GDP

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-*-sq-*-11-a r = -.18 ns CHANGE in average happiness by GROWTH in welfare expenditure 1975-1985 in 9 EC nations, Australia, Canada, Japan and USA