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Correlational findings

Study Veenhoven & Kalmijn (2005): study ZZ 1990

Public
Adults, general public, 90 nations, 1990s
Sample
Respondents
N = 90000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Social security
Our Classification
Remarks
Source: ILO 1995
Operationalization
Expenditures in percent of GDP

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-*-sq-t-11-a r = +.27 LEVEL OF HAPPINESS by Social security in 62 nations
Level of happiness measured using average score in the country
O-SLW-*-sq-t-11-a r = -.51 INEQUALITY OF HAPPINESS by social security in 62 nations
Inequality of happiness measured using the standard-deviation of happiness
O-SLW-*-sq-t-11-a r = +.32 INEQUALITY-ADJUSTED HAPPINESS by social security in 62 nations
Inequality-adjusted happiness measured using index of mean and standard deviation as proposed by Kalmijn & Veenhoven 2005
O-SLW-*-sq-t-11-a rpc = -.11 rpc controlled for purchasing power per head