Correlational findings | World Database of Happiness

Study Veenhoven & Kalmijn (2005): study ZZ 1990

Public: Adults, general public, 90 nations, 1990s
Sample
Respondents: N = 90000
Non Response
Assessment: Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label

Purchasing power per head

Our Classification

Remarks

Source: Human Development Report 1999, Table 1 (United Nations Development Program)

Operationalization

Real GNP per capita in 1995

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure

Statistics

Elaboration / Remarks

O-SLW-*-sq-t-11-a

r = +.66

LEVEL OF HAPPINESS by purchasing power per head in 78 nations
Level of happiness measured with the average score

O-SLW-*-sq-t-11-a

r = -.64

INEQUALITY OF HAPPINESS by purchasing power in 78 nations
Inequality of happiness measured by the standard deviation

O-SLW-*-sq-t-11-a

r = +.68

INEQUALITY-ADJUSTED HAPPINESS by purchasing power per head in 78 nations
Inequality-adjusted happiness measured using an index of average and standard deviation, as proposed by Kalmijn & Veenhoven (2005)