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Correlational findings

Study Bjornskov (2006a): study ZZ 1995

Public
18+ aged, general public, 67 nations, 1995-2002
Sample
Respondents
N = 70000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Economic openness
Our Classification
Remarks
Source: Penn World Tables, Heston et al. (2002)
Distribution
N = 67 M = 77,16  SD = 53,23
Operationalization
Openness of economy; exports and imports as % of GDP.

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-l-10-a = DIFFERENCE IN HAPPINESS between poor and rich citizens by openness of the economy in 67 nations.

'Poor' is lowest 33%, 'rich highest 33% in self rated income position.
O-SLW-c-sq-l-10-a b = +.00 ns B (+0,000) controlled for:
-income inequality
-GDP per capita
-Postcommunist
-Government consumption
-Regulatory freedom

No relation between economic openness and the difference in happiness between poor and rich.