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Correlational findings

Study Böhnke & Kohler (2007): study ZZ EU 27 2003

Public
18+ aged, general public, 27 EU member states, 2003
Sample
Respondents
N = 400000
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Employment status
Our Classification
Related specification variables
Operationalization
a. own income
b. unemployed
c. poverty

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -.40 p < .05 UNEMPLOYED (VERSUS OWN INCOME)

Social-democratic nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -1.0 p < .05 Continental nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -.32 p < .05 Liberal nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -.70 p < .05 Mediterranean nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -.75 p < .05 Post-communist nations.



POVERTY (VERSUS OWN INCOME) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -1.2 p < .05 Social-democratic nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -1.5 p < .05 Continental nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -1.6 p < .05 Liberal nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -1.2 p < .05 Mediterranean nations. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-b b = -1.3 p < .05 Post-communist nations.

B's controlled for education, living situation and health situation.

Social-democratic nations: Danmark, Finland, Netherlands, Sweden.
Continental nations: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg.
Liberal nations: UK and Ireland.
Mediterranean nations: Cyprus, Greece, Malta, Spain, Portugal.
Post-communist nations: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slowak Republic, Slovenia.