Study VandeVliert & Janssen (2002a): study ZZ 1986 /1

Public

General public and students, 42 nations, 1986-1989

Sample

Respondents

N = 42

Non Response

Assessment

Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Questionnaire completed in class

Correlate

Authors's Label

Gender gap in competitiveness

Our Classification

Remarks

Data: international student survey (Lynn 1991)

Distribution

M = 0.68, SD = 0.80
8 countries with a negative gender gap (women more competitive then men): range -1.36 to .01 7 ns, Iraq= p<05
Positive gender gap in 34 countries. Range 0.12 to 2.30; 14 countries ns, 20 countries p<05

Operationalization

Difference in attitude of female and male university students.
Competitiveness was assessed with responses to the following 5 items:
-I try harder when I am in competition with other people
-It is important to me to perform better than others to a task
-I enjoy working in situations involving competition with others
-I feel that winning is important in both work and games
-It annoys me when other people perform better than I do
Assessed on a 5 point scale: 0=strongly disagree to 4= strongly agree

Observed Relation with Happiness