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Correlational findings

Study Diener & Seligman (2002): study US 1997

Public
Undergraduate students, US, 199?
Sample
Respondents
N = 222
Non Response
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Daily report of mood and activities during 51 days; peer ratings.

Correlate

Authors's Label
Time spent alone
Our Classification
Operationalization
Self report of mean time spent alone.
Rating scale from 1 'no time' to 10 '8 hours per day'

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks M-AO-*-mqr-*-*-a = .12 p < .05                 Mean time spent alone         
a 10% least happy         5.8     
b 27% close to average    5.0      
c 10% most happy          4.4
M-AO-*-mqr-*-*-a MCT = p < .05 a > c