Study Brunstein et al. (1998): study DE 1993
- Public:
- University students, Erlangen, Germany,199?
- Sample:
- Respondents:
- N = 98
- Non Response:
- Assessment:
-
Questionnaire: paper
And structured mood diary.
Correlate
- Authors's label
- Progress in communal goals
- Our Classification
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-
- Operationalization
- OBJECT OF GOALS:
Ss were asked to list one goal within each of four striving areas: a) striving for intimacy and interpersonal closeness b) affiliation and friendly social contacts c) achivement and mastery experiences d) independence, social influence, and self-reliance
PROGRESS IN COMMUNAL GOALS:
Average rating of progress in the striving areas a and b
Ss were asked to progress made in each goal during the past week on four aspects. Rating are made on 5-point scales(1=disagree strongly, 2=disagree somewhat, 3=neither agree nor disagree, 4= agree somewhat, 5=agree strongly)
1.Advancement: I have made a great deal pf progress in the attempt of advancing this goal
2.Stagnation: I have hardly made any progress in accomplishing this goal(Revese scoring)
3.Success: I have quite a lot of success in pursuing this goal
4.Failure: Many of my efforts in realizing this goal have failed(Reverse scoring)
Observed Relation with Happiness
- positive among communal motivated Ss
(B = +.42 (01)
- no correlation among agentic motivated Ss
All relations unaffected by gender
- high-progress Ss high on communal motivation
feel better
- low-progress Ss high on communal motivation
feel worse
- little difference in mood among Ss low in
communal motivation, irrespective of progress
in communal goals
All results similar for males and females