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Correlational findings

Study Bell (1974): study US 1973

Public:
Males, shortly before and after retirement, USA 1973-74
Sample:
Respondents:
N = 114
Non Response:
21%
Assessment:
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's label
Disconfirmation of retirement expectations: associations
Our Classification
Operationalization
Difference between:
T1: pre-retirement expectations of hours spend in voluntary associations
T2: post-retirement report of hours spend in voluntary associations

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLL-c-sq-v-5-e r = +.06 p < .221 Degree of difference O-SLL-c-sq-v-5-e r = +.01 p < .464 Direction of difference: Ss that spend more time with voluntary associations than expected did not get happier

Correlations with T1-T2 CHANGE in happiness

Negative in poor health category (r=-.21) and aged in poor health (r=-.39)
No correlation among healthy (r=.+.03)and older (r=+.08) Ss
Positive in healthy and recent retired Ss (r=.23)