print

Correlational findings

Study Perneger et al. (2004): study CH 1998

Public
University students, Switzerland, 1998.
Survey name
Unnamed study
Sample
Respondents
N = 1257
Non Response
36%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Mailed questionnaire

Correlate

Authors's Label
Self esteem
Our Classification
Distribution
Quartiles
Operationalization
Self report on four questions
A typical item is:
'On the whole, I am satisfied with myself'  Rated 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (totally agree)

Items taken from Pelin & Schooler (1978) inventory of coping skills

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks M-TH-cm-sq-v-5-a D% = + p < .001 % happy (all or most of the time)
Lowest quartile : 33,3
2nd quartile    : 55,5
3rd quartile    : 76,1
Highest quartile: 86,2 M-TH-cm-sq-v-5-a OR = +                       OR     CI 95
Lowest quartile       1      -
2nd quartile          1,2    0,8-1,8
3rd quartile          2,1    1,3-3,4
Highest quartile      3,5    2,1-5,8

Odds Ratio controlled for:
-mental health
-physical health
-intimate contact (love and affection)
-sex (women vs. men)
-nationality (Swiss vs. other)