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Correlational findings

Study Ardelt (2003a): study US 1997

Public
55+ aged, USA, North-Central Florida, 1997
Sample
Respondents
N = 174
Non Response
drop out 30%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Mailed questionaire and face-to-face interview

Correlate

Authors's Label
wisdom
Our Classification
Error Estimates
Cronbach's alpha: T1: cognitive=.78, reflective=.75, affective=.74 T2: cognitive=.85, reflective=.71, affective=.72
Remarks
Three Dimensional Wisdom Scale
Operationalization
Selfreport on 39 questions:
a: Cognitive:
   14 questions about understanding of life or the desire to know the truth
b: Reflective:
   12 questions about the ability to look at phenomena and events from different perspectives and to avoid subjectivity and projection
c: Affective:
   13 questions about  presence of positive emotions and behavior toward others

All answers rated on 5 step scales

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks A-AOL-cm-mq-*-5-a r = +.45 p < .05