Study Abdel-Khalek (2006a): study KW 2002 /1

Public

University undergraduates, Kuwait 2002

Sample

Respondents

N = 503

Non Response

Assessment

Questionnaire completed in class

Correlate

Authors's Label

Pessimism

Our Classification

Error Estimates

Cronbach alpha = .93

Related specification variables

Operationalization

The Pessimism subscale of ths Arabic Scale of Optimism and Pessimism (Abdel-Khalek 1996, 198a). It contains 15 statements that are answered on a 5-point Likert- type scale.

Observed Relation with Happiness