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Correlational findings

Study Hartog & Oosterbeek (1998): study NL 1952

Public
41 aged, Brabant, the Netherlands, followed 1952-1993
Sample
Respondents
N = 1893
Non Response
53,6%
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Mailed questionnaire at T3.

Correlate

Authors's Label
Schooling variables
Our Classification
Distribution
1=29%, 2=7.6%. 3=16.1%, 4=29%, 5=3.6%, 6=17.2%, 7=3.6%, 8=80,1%.
Operationalization
0: Lower vocational, no degree   (reference)
1: Lower vocational
2: Lower general
3: Intermediate general
4: Intermediate vocational
5: Higher general
6: Higher vocational
7: University
8: Graduate

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks C-BW-c-sq-n-11-a OPRC = +.10 ns Lower general C-BW-c-sq-n-11-a OPRC = +.14 p < .10 Intermediate general C-BW-c-sq-n-11-a OPRC = +.20 p < .05 Intermediate vocational C-BW-c-sq-n-11-a OPRC = +.25 ns Higher general C-BW-c-sq-n-11-a OPRC = +.23 p < .05 Higher vocational C-BW-c-sq-n-11-a OPRC = +.16 ns University C-BW-c-sq-n-11-a OPRC = +.01 ns Graduate

OPRC's controlled for:
-social background variables
-intelligence
-social background
-labour market status
-self-perceived health
-wealth.

OPRC (Ordered Probit Regression Coefficient)
cannot be interpreted as an absolute effect-size. The coefficients only denote relative differences in correlation between education and happiness, e.g. more difference in happiness between people with lower vocational and higher vocational, than between people with lower vocational and intermediate vocational.