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Correlational findings

Study Kainulainen (1998): study FI 1991

Public
18+ aged, general public, former province Kuopio, Finland, 1991-1996
Sample
Respondents
N = 2682
Non Response
not rep
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)

Correlate

Authors's Label
Causing my family (close) problems
Our Classification
Distribution
Never:  N = 1453.
Ever in your life:  N = 981
Operationalization
Have you experienced causing your family (close) problems
(a) during the last year ?
(b) ever in your life ?
Answers:  No(=0)  or  Yes(=1).

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-g r = -.12 during the last year O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-g r = -.12 ever in your life O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-g DM = - never:                   M = 3.94
ever in your life:       M = 3.74
95% CI for difference:   [0.13 ; 0.27]