Study Kainulainen (1998): study FI 1991

Public:

18+ aged, general public, former province Kuopio, Finland, 1991-1996

Sample:

Respondents:

N = 2682

Non Response:

not rep

Assessment:

Questionnaire: paper

Correlate

Authors's Label

Low income

Our Classification

Distribution

Never:   N = 1259
Ever in your life:  N =  1163

Operationalization

Have you experienced low income (wage, salary)
(a) during the last year ?
(b) ever in your life ?
Answer:  No (=0) or Yes (=1).

Observed Relation with Happiness