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Correlational findings

Study Kainulainen (1998): study FI 1991

Public:
18+ aged, general public, former province Kuopio, Finland, 1991-1996
Sample:
Respondents:
N = 2682
Non Response:
not rep
Assessment:
Questionnaire: paper

Correlate

Authors's label
Low income
Our Classification
Distribution
Never:   N = 1259
Ever in your life:  N =  1163
Operationalization
Have you experienced low income (wage, salary)
(a) during the last year ?
(b) ever in your life ?
Answer:  No (=0) or Yes (=1).

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Special Research Type Elaboration / Remarks O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-g r = -.24 none during the last year O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-g r = -.18 none ever in your life O-SLu-c-sq-v-5-g DM = - none never:                   M = 4.00
ever in your life:       M = 3.72
95% CI for difference:   [0.21 ; 0.35]