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Studies

Washburn et al. (1926): study US 1924

Publication

Author(s):
Washburn, M.F.; Booth, M.E.; Glicksmann, E.; Stocker, S.
Title:
A comparison of directed and free recalls of pleasant and unpleasant experiences as test of cheerful and depressed temperaments.
Source:
American Journal of Psychology, 1926, Vol. 7, 278 - 288

Investigation

Public
Female students, cheerful and depressed, USA, 192?
Sample
Respondents
N = 123
Non Response
-
Assessment
Questionnaire: Paper & Pencil Interview (PAPI)
Questionnaire administered in class. Additionally peerratings of cheerfullness and projective tests during 3 days

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:
Self report + 3 peer ratings, on same single question:

A. Self report: Each subject was asked to judge herself using one of four terms. (Precise lead item not reported)

B. Peer ratings: The judgments of three friends were obtained using the terms.

Response options:
4  steadily cheerful
3  variable tending to cheerfulness
2  variable tending to depression
1  steadily depressed

Summation: a + b/2
Classification:
A-AOL-g-*-v-4-a
Author's label:
Cheerfulness

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Promptness of plea- sant associations Positive reacting Recall pleasant associations Positive reacting