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Happiness Measures

Characteristics

Code:
O-SLW-c-sq-n-11-a
Focus:
Overall: Satisfaction w Life as a Whole (O-SLW)
Time frame:
currently (today, these days, presently) (c)
Mode:
1 question (sq)
Scale Type:
numeric scale (n)
Scale Range:
11

Description

Self report on single question:

All things considered, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole these days?
0  dissatisfied
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 satisfied

List of Studies Using this Measure

Study Population N Mean
Standard Deviation
Veenhoven (2008b): study ZZ 1995 Adults, general public, 98 nations, 2000s N = 150000
Abdallah et al. (2009): study MN 2007 15+ aged, general public, Mongolia, 2007 N = 965
Mean
= 5.660
SD
= 2.370
Abdallah et al. (2009): study BZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Belize, 2007 N = 490
Mean
= 6.620
SD
= 2.000
Gallup (2009a): study BO 2007 15+ aged, general public, Bolivia, 2007 N = 995
Mean
= 6.263
SD
= 1.895
Abdallah et al. (2009): study CL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Chile , 2007 N = 1019
Mean
= 6.450
SD
= 2.114
Gallup (2009a): study EC 2007 15+ aged, general public, Ecuador, 2007 N = 1061
Mean
= 6.340
SD
= 2.049
Gallup (2009a): study DO 2007 15+ aged, general public, Dominican Republic, 2007 N = 999
Mean
= 7.416
SD
= 2.356
Gallup (2009a): study HN 2007 15+ aged, general public, Honduras, 2007 N = 970
Mean
= 7.036
SD
= 2.459
Gallup (2009a): study SV 2007 15+ aged, general public, El Salvador, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.680
SD
= 2.025
Abdallah et al. (2009): study GY 2007 15+ aged, general public, Guyana, 2007 N = 488
Mean
= 6.530
SD
= 1.970
Abdallah et al. (2009): study MY 2007 15+ aged, general public, Malaysia, 2007 N = 1214
Mean
= 6.600
SD
= 1.700
Abdallah et al. (2009): study NP 2007 15+ aged, general public, Nepal, 2007 N = 997
Mean
= 5.320
SD
= 1.650
Gallup (2009a): study BY 2007 15+ aged, general public, Belarus, 2007 N = 1071
Mean
= 5.830
SD
= 1.780
Gallup (2009a): study NI 2007 15+ aged, general public, Nicaragua, 2007 N = 998
Mean
= 7.065
SD
= 2.498
Gallup (2009a): study PA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Panama, 2007 N = 992
Mean
= 7.759
SD
= 2.019
Gallup (2009a): study PY 2007 15+ aged, general public, Paraguay, 2007 N = 999
Mean
= 6.770
SD
= 2.044
Gallup (2009a): study PE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Peru, 2007 N = 995
Mean
= 5.979
SD
= 1.912
Gallup (2009a): study UY 2007 15+ aged, general public, Uruguay, 2007 N = 991
Mean
= 6.721
SD
= 2.010
Gallup (2009a): study US 2007 15+ aged, general public, United States, 2007 N = 1222
Mean
= 7.846
SD
= 1.718
Gallup (2009a): study PK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2008 N = 819
Mean
= 5.200
SD
= 3.060
Gallup (2009a): study DE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2008 N = 1009
Mean
= 7.180
SD
= 1.860
Gallup (2009a): study AF 2008 15+ aged, general public, Afghanistan, 2008 N = 993
Mean
= 4.130
SD
= 2.040
Abdallah et al. (2009): study UA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Ukraine, 2007 N = 1055
Mean
= 5.300
SD
= 2.000
Abdallah et al. (2009): study ZA 2007 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2007 N = 985
Mean
= 6.310
SD
= 1.930
UNDP (2011): study HK 2009 15+ aged, general public, Hong Kong, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.000
Gallup (2008a): study JP 2007 15+ aged, general public, Japan, 2007 N = 1150
Mean
= 6.750
SD
= 1.900
Gallup (2009a): study PL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Poland, 2007 N = 995
Mean
= 6.480
SD
= 1.900
Gallup (2008a): study HU 2007 15+ aged, general public, Hungary, 2007 N = 1005
Mean
= 5.730
SD
= 2.290
Abdallah et al. (2009): study CZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2007 N = 1057
Mean
= 6.850
SD
= 2.020
Gallup (2008a): study RO 2007 15+ aged, general public, Romania, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.920
SD
= 2.140
Gallup (2008a): study GR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Greece, 2007 N = 995
Mean
= 6.840
SD
= 1.820
Abdallah et al. (2009): study SE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2007 N = 993
Mean
= 7.850
SD
= 1.600
Gallup (2008a): study DK 2007 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2007 N = 1007
Mean
= 8.080
SD
= 1.460
Gallup (2008a): study IR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Iran, 2007 N = 1001
Mean
= 5.630
SD
= 2.310
Gallup (2008a): study SG 2007 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2007 N = 963
Mean
= 7.120
SD
= 1.910
Gallup (2008a): study IN 2007 15+ aged, general public, India, 2007 N = 3044
Mean
= 5.510
SD
= 2.130
Abdallah et al. (2009): study LA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Laos, 2007 N = 996
Mean
= 6.240
SD
= 1.720
Gallup (2009a): study BR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Brazil, 2007 N = 1038
Mean
= 7.523
SD
= 2.051
Gallup (2009a): study MX 2007 15+ aged, general public, Mexico, 2007 N = 992
Mean
= 7.757
SD
= 1.626
Gallup (2008a): study IL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Israel, 2007 N = 982
Mean
= 7.080
SD
= 1.970
Abdallah et al. (2009): study PS 2007 15+ aged, general public, Palestina, 2007 N = 995
Mean
= 4.950
SD
= 2.420
Gallup (2009a): study CA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Canada, 2007 N = 1001
Mean
= 8.008
SD
= 1.715
Gallup (2008a): study PH 2007 15+ aged, general public, Philippines, 2007 N = 980
Mean
= 5.470
SD
= 2.170
Abdallah et al. (2009): study LK 2007 15+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2007 N = 978
Mean
= 5.390
SD
= 2.000
Abdallah et al. (2009): study TH 2007 15+ aged, general public, Thailand, 2007 N = 998
Mean
= 6.250
SD
= 1.640
Abdallah et al. (2009): study KH 2007 15+ aged, general public, Cambodia, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.890
SD
= 2.120
Gallup (2009a): study LR 2008 15+ aged, general public, Liberia, 2008 N = 995
Mean
= 3.430
SD
= 2.020
UNDP (2011): study AD 2009 15+ aged, general public, Andorra, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.800
Abdallah et al. (2009): study ES 2007 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2007 N = 966
Mean
= 7.600
SD
= 1.620
Campbell & Porquet (2014): study ZZ EU 27 2010 18+ aged, general public, 27 EU nations, 2010 N = 26723
Gallup (2009a): study AR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Argentina, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.090
SD
= 1.850
Gallup (2009a): study CO 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Colombia, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.353
SD
= 2.130
Gallup (2009a): study GT 2007 15+ aged, general public, Guatemala, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.846
SD
= 1.765
Alesina et al. (2005): study DE 1990 employed heads of household, Germany, followed 10 years from 1990-2000 N = 38558
Mean
= 7.160
SD
= 1.770
Downie & Koester (2008): study ZZ 2004 Adults, 90 countries, 2004 N = 135000
Frijters et al. (2004): study DE 1985 21-64 aged, general public, Germany, followed 14 years, 1985-1999 N = 18350
Bartram (2011): study US 1995 18-94 aged natives and immigrants, USA, 1995 N = 1339
Mean
= 7.630
SD
= 1.980
Olgiati et al. (2013): study ZZ Western nations 2006 15+ aged general public, 16 Western countries, 2006-2011 N = 51004
Mean
= 7.840
Mellander et al. (2011): study ZZ 2009 15+ aged, 66 nations, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.050
SD
= 1.001
Brulé & Veenhoven (2014a): study ZZ Developed nations 2000 Adults, developed nations, 2000 N = 240000
UNDP (2011): study CD 2009 15+ aged, general public, Congo (Kinshasa),, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.400
Knabe & Rätzel (2010): study DE 1999 18-65 aged working couples, Germany, followed 7 years, 1999-2006 N = 16937
Slag (2017): study KR 1981 /1 18+ aged general public, South Korea, 1981-2010 N = 5000
Mean
= 6.220
Easterlin (2014a): study DE East Germany 1990 18+ aged, general public, East-Germany 1990-2006 N = 200000
European Social Survey (ESS) (2016): study NO 2016 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2016 N = 1545
Mean
= 7.940
SD
= 1.680
European Social Survey (ESS) (2016): study RU 2016 15+ aged, general public, Russian Federation, 2016 N = 2430
Mean
= 5.750
SD
= 2.329
Lohmann (2013): study ZZ 2005 18+ aged, general public, 57 nations, 2004-2009 N = 53325
Mean
= 6.790
SD
= 2.230
Lönnqvist & Itkonen (2014): study FI 2012 18+ aged, students, Finland N = 4701
Mean
= 7.690
SD
= 1.430
Kainulainen et al. (2018): study FI 2012 /1 20-64 aged, Finland, 2012 N = 1883
Mean
= 7.670
SD
= 1.710
Berry & Okulicz-Kozaryn (2009): study ZZ World samples 1995 18+ aged general public, World, 2004 N = 68361
Gallup (2009a): study CR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Costa Rica, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 8.482
SD
= 1.742
UNDP (2011): study CF 2009 15+ aged, general public, Central African Republic, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
UNDP (2011): study SK 2009 15+ aged, general public, Slovakia, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
UNDP (2011): study VE 2009 15+ aged, general public, Venezuela, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.800
UNDP (2011): study AE 2009 15+ aged, general public, United Arab Emirates, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.300
UNDP (2011): study KW 2009 15+ aged, general public, Kuwait, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.600
UNDP (2011): study ME 2009 15+ aged, general public, Montenegro, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
UNDP (2011): study HR 2009 15+ aged, general public, Croatia, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.000
UNDP (2011): study TT 2009 15+ aged, general public, Trinidad and Tobago, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.000
UNDP (2011): study RS 2009 15+ aged, general public, Serbia, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.600
UNDP (2011): study AL 2009 15+ aged, general public, Albania, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.600
UNDP (2011): study BA 2009 15+ aged, general public, Bosnia Herzegovina, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.800
UNDP (2011): study MK 2009 15+ aged, general public, Macedonia, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.700
UNDP (2011): study EC 2009 15+ aged, general public, Ecuador, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.400
UNDP (2011): study GN 2009 15+ aged, general public, Guinea, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.500
UNDP (2011): study JM 2009 15+ aged, general public, Jamaica, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.700
UNDP (2011): study TM 2009 15+ aged, general public, Turkmenistan, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
UNDP (2011): study CN 2009 15+ aged, general public, China, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.400
UNDP (2011): study NA 2009 15+ aged, general public, Namibia, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.200
UNDP (2011): study GT 2009 15+ aged, general public, Guatemala, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.200
UNDP (2011): study YE 2009 15+ aged, general public, Yemen, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.800
UNDP (2011): study HT 2009 15+ aged, general public, Haiti, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 3.900
UNDP (2011): study MW 2009 15+ aged, general public, Malawi, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.200
UNDP (2011): study SD 2009 15+ aged, general public, Sudan, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.000
Abdallah et al. (2009): study IT 2007 15+ aged, general public, Italy, 2007 N = 993
Mean
= 6.930
SD
= 1.590
Abdallah et al. (2009): study BE 2007 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2007 N = 995
Mean
= 7.610
SD
= 1.290
Veenhoven (2009b): study ZZ 2000 Adults, general public, 91 nations, early 2000s N = 140000
Abdallah et al. (2009): study DJ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Djibouti, 2008 N = 979
Mean
= 5.660
SD
= 2.540
Gallup (2009a): study NL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 7.780
SD
= 1.060
Gallup (2008a): study KR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Korea,(South), 2007 N = 985
Mean
= 6.310
SD
= 1.930
Gallup (2009a): study IT 2008 15+ aged, general public, Italy, 2008 N = 986
Mean
= 6.730
SD
= 1.990
Gallup (2009a): study GB 2008 15+ aged, general public, United Kingdom, 2008 N = 993
Mean
= 7.420
SD
= 1.810
Gallup (2009a): study GE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Georgia, 2008 N = 1080
Mean
= 4.260
SD
= 1.910
Gallup (2008a): study ES 2008 15+ aged, general public, Spain, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.560
SD
= 1.800
Gallup (2009a): study IE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Ireland, 2008 N = 981
Mean
= 8.140
SD
= 1.420
Gallup (2009a): study IQ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Iraq, 2008 N = 958
Mean
= 5.480
SD
= 2.000
Gallup (2009a): study AZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Azerbaijan, 2008 N = 965
Mean
= 5.280
SD
= 2.060
Gallup (2009a): study KZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Kazakhstan, 2008 N = 949
Mean
= 6.130
SD
= 1.900
Gallup (2009a): study FI 2008 15+ aged, general public, Finland, 2008 N = 1001
Mean
= 8.020
SD
= 1.380
Gallup (2009a): study MR 2008 15+ aged, general public, Mauritania, 2008 N = 955
Mean
= 4.950
SD
= 2.620
Gallup (2008a): study SE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sweden, 2008 N = 996
Mean
= 7.900
SD
= 1.590
Gallup (2009a): study IS 2008 /1 15+ aged, general public, Iceland, 2008 N = 502
Mean
= 7.840
SD
= 1.830
Gallup (2009a): study SN 2008 15+ aged, general public, Senegal, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 4.480
SD
= 1.620
Gallup (2009a): study PT 2008 15+ aged, general public, Portugal, 2008 N = 985
Mean
= 5.850
SD
= 2.070
Gallup (2009a): study GH 2008 15+ aged, general public, Ghana, 2008 N = 980
Mean
= 4.740
SD
= 1.770
Gallup (2009a): study LV 2008 15+ aged, general public, Latvia, 2008 N = 507
Mean
= 5.430
SD
= 1.860
Gallup (2009a): study AU 2008 15+ aged, general public, Australia, 2008 N = 1002
Mean
= 7.880
SD
= 1.620
Gallup (2009a): study NZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, New Zealand, 2008 N = 749
Mean
= 7.810
SD
= 1.710
Abdallah et al. (2009): study KG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Kyrgyzstan, 2008 N = 988
Mean
= 4.980
SD
= 1.780
Gallup (2009a): study AT 2008 15+ aged, general public, Austria, 2008 N = 982
Mean
= 7.800
SD
= 1.800
Gallup (2009a): study TD 2008 15+ aged, general public, Chad, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.360
SD
= 2.610
Gallup (2008a): study PK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Pakistan, 2008 N = 2461
Mean
= 5.600
SD
= 2.760
Cummins et al. (2004b): study AU 2003 18+ aged, general public, Australia 2003-2004 N = 2000
Berg (2010): study ZZ 2000 Adults, general public, 119 countries, 2000-2006 N = 119
Berg & Veenhoven (2009): study ZZ 2005 Adults, general public, 142 countries, 2005-2009 N = 25000
Gallup (2009a): study CR 2007 /1 15+ aged, general public, Costa Rica, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 8.500
SD
= 1.710
Gallup (2009a): study DO 2008 15+ aged, general public, Dominican Republic, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.600
SD
= 2.306
Gallup (2009a): study CO 2008 15+ aged, general public, Colombia, 2008 N = 997
Mean
= 7.330
SD
= 2.110
Gallup (2009a): study EG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Egypt, 2008 N = 1100
Mean
= 5.840
SD
= 2.260
Gallup (2008a): study SA 2008 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2008 N = 1145
Mean
= 4.850
SD
= 2.197
Gallup (2009a): study AR 2008 15+ aged, general public, Argentina, 2008 N = 989
Mean
= 7.140
SD
= 1.818
Gallup (2008a): study JO 2008 15+ aged, general public, Jordan, 2008 N = 1003
Mean
= 5.700
SD
= 2.056
Gallup (2009a): study DE 2008 /1 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 7.110
SD
= 1.970
Abdallah et al. (2009): study TN 2008 15+ aged, general public, Tunisia, 2008 N = 1098
Mean
= 5.890
SD
= 1.860
Gallup (2008a): study BD 2008 15+ aged, general public, Bangladesh, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 5.250
SD
= 2.100
Abdallah et al. (2009): study MD 2008 15+ aged, general public, Moldova, 2008 N = 983
Mean
= 5.650
SD
= 1.990
Abdallah et al. (2009): study TJ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Tajikistan, 2008 N = 974
Mean
= 5.100
SD
= 1.680
Abdallah et al. (2009): study SY 2008 15+ aged, general public, Syria, 2008 N = 1194
Mean
= 5.900
SD
= 1.992
Gallup (2009a): study DZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Algeria, 2008 N = 1095
Mean
= 5.590
SD
= 1.950
Gallup (2009a): study UZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uzbekistan, 2008 N = 980
Mean
= 6.040
SD
= 1.960
Gallup (2009a): study AM 2008 15+ aged, general public, Armenia, 2008 N = 995
Mean
= 5.030
SD
= 2.010
Gallup (2008a): study SG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Singapore, 2008 N = 998
Mean
= 6.710
SD
= 1.380
Gallup (2009a): study RU 2008 15+ aged, general public, Russia, 2008 N = 1976
Mean
= 5.870
SD
= 2.090
Gallup (2009a): study LB 2008 15+ aged, general public, Lebanon, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.710
SD
= 2.390
Abdallah et al. (2009): study NL 2007 15+ aged, general public, Netherlands, 2007 N = 993
Mean
= 7.710
SD
= 1.230
Abdallah et al. (2009): study CI 2009 16+ aged, general public, Cote d Ivoire, 2009 N = 997
Mean
= 4.450
SD
= 1.630
Gallup (2009a): study FR 2008 15+ aged, general public, France, 2008 N = 980
Mean
= 7.060
SD
= 1.680
Gallup (2009a): study DK 2008 15+ aged, general public, Denmark, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 8.230
SD
= 1.440
Gallup (2009a): study LT 2008 15+ aged, general public, Lithuania, 2008 N = 496
Mean
= 5.760
SD
= 2.070
Gallup (2009a): study BY 2008 15+ aged, general public, Belarus, 2008 N = 1062
Mean
= 5.460
SD
= 1.830
Gallup (2009a): study EE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Estonia, 2008 N = 600
Mean
= 5.640
SD
= 1.830
Gallup (2009a): study DE 2009 16+ aged, general public, Germany, 2009 N = 1000
Mean
= 7.280
SD
= 1.730
Gallup (2009a): study LK 2009 16+ aged, general public, Sri Lanka, 2009 N = 965
Mean
= 4.730
SD
= 2.133
Abdallah et al. (2009): study VN 2009 16+ aged, general public, Viet Nam, 2009 N = 885
Mean
= 5.430
SD
= 1.430
Gallup (2009a): study CY 2009 16+ aged, general public, Cyprus, 2009 N = 501
Mean
= 7.120
SD
= 1.970
Abdallah et al. (2009): study LU 2009 16+ aged, general public, Luxembourg, 2009 N = 497
Mean
= 7.660
SD
= 1.460
Gallup (2009a): study NO 2008 15+ aged, general public, Norway, 2008 N = 988
Mean
= 8.090
SD
= 1.560
Abdallah et al. (2009): study MT 2009 15+ aged, general public, Malta, 2009 N = 495
Mean
= 7.080
SD
= 2.070
Gallup (2009a): study QA 2009 16+ aged, general public, Qatar, 2009 N = 983
Mean
= 6.750
SD
= 1.890
Abdallah et al. (2009): study SI 2009 16+ aged, general public, Slovenia, 2009 N = 496
Mean
= 7.070
SD
= 2.070
Abdallah et al. (2009): study MA 2007 16+ aged, general public, Morocco, 2007 N = 974
Mean
= 5.810
SD
= 1.810
Abdallah et al. (2009): study EG 2007 16+ aged, general public, Egypt, 2007 N = 1015
Mean
= 6.680
SD
= 2.570
Abdallah et al. (2009): study SA 2007 15+ aged, general public, Saudi Arabia, 2007 N = 976
Mean
= 7.700
SD
= 1.670
Gallup (2008a): study JO 2007 15+ aged, general public, Jordan, 2007 N = 1016
Mean
= 5.990
SD
= 2.000
Gallup (2008a): study TR 2007 15+ aged, general public, Turkey, 2007 N = 993
Mean
= 5.520
SD
= 1.890
Gallup (2008a): study ID 2007 15+ aged, general public, Indonesia, 2007 N = 981
Mean
= 5.670
SD
= 1.880
Gallup (2009a): study CZ 2007 15+ aged, general public, Czech Republic, 2007 N = 1000
Mean
= 6.850
SD
= 2.020
Gallup (2009a): study DE 2008 /2 15+ aged, general public, Germany, 2008 N = 996
Mean
= 7.010
SD
= 1.780
Gallup (2009a): study MG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Madagascar, 2008 N = 999
Mean
= 3.730
SD
= 1.860
Gallup (2009a): study NE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Niger, 2008 N = 988
Mean
= 3.750
SD
= 1.750
Gallup (2009a): study CG 2008 /1 15+ aged, general public, Congo (Brazzaville), 2008 N = 998
Mean
= 3.650
SD
= 2.930
Gallup (2009a): study NG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Nigeria, 2008 N = 982
Mean
= 4.780
SD
= 1.740
Gallup (2009a): study UG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Uganda, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 4.480
SD
= 1.890
Gallup (2009a): study ZA 2008 15+ aged, general public, South Africa, 2008 N = 979
Mean
= 4.950
SD
= 2.710
Gallup (2009a): study RW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Rwanda, 2008 N = 991
Mean
= 4.230
SD
= 2.310
Gallup (2009a): study ET 2008 15+ aged, general public, Ethiopia, 2008 N = 1189
Mean
= 3.980
SD
= 2.270
Gallup (2009a): study KE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Kenya, 2008 N = 2190
Mean
= 3.670
SD
= 2.140
Gallup (2009a): study CM 2008 15+ aged, general public, Cameroon, 2008 N = 997
Mean
= 3.940
SD
= 1.690
Gallup (2009a): study ZM 2008 15+ aged, general public, Zambia, 2008 N = 977
Mean
= 4.310
SD
= 2.450
Gallup (2009a): study AO 2008 15+ aged, general public, Angola, 2008 N = 962
Mean
= 4.270
SD
= 3.190
Gallup (2009a): study BE 2008 15+ aged, general public, Belgium, 2008 N = 978
Mean
= 7.330
SD
= 1.560
Gallup (2009a): study MZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Mozambique, 2008 N = 995
Mean
= 3.840
SD
= 1.762
Gallup (2009a): study ML 2008 15+ aged, general public, Mali, 2008 N = 985
Mean
= 3.760
SD
= 2.910
Gallup (2009a): study BJ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Benin, 2008 N = 956
Mean
= 3.020
SD
= 2.270
Gallup (2009a): study TG 2008 15+ aged, general public, Togo, 2008 N = 972
Mean
= 2.620
SD
= 2.080
Gallup (2009a): study SL 2008 15+ aged, general public, Sierra Leone, 2008 N = 998
Mean
= 3.550
SD
= 2.360
Gallup (2009a): study BF 2008 15+ aged, general public, Burkina Faso, 2008 N = 984
Mean
= 3.640
SD
= 1.610
Gallup (2009a): study BI 2008 15+ aged, general public, Burundi, 2008 N = 996
Mean
= 2.940
SD
= 1.960
Gallup (2009a): study BW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Botswana, 2008 N = 991
Mean
= 4.700
SD
= 2.420
Gallup (2009a): study TZ 2008 15+ aged, general public, Tanzania, 2008 N = 1000
Mean
= 2.450
SD
= 2.260
Gallup (2009a): study ZW 2008 15+ aged, general public, Zimbabwe, 2008 N = 983
Mean
= 2.830
SD
= 1.790
Bull & Mittelmark (2009): study ZZ Scandinavia 2004 Employed mothers, 4 Scandinavian countries, 2004 N = 505
Mean
= 8.137