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Correlational findings

Study Dolan & Metcalfe (2012): study US 2011

Public
Elderly, United States, 2011
Sample
Respondents
N = 1173
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
Anxiety level
Our Classification
Operationalization
1 Anxiety:
   a  Anxiety level 2: moderate anxious or depressed
   b  Anxiety level 3: extremely anxious or depressed
0 No anxiety level 1 (reference)

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks A-AB-yd-mq-n-7-c Beta = -.16 p < .05 MODERATE anxiety (level 2)vs NOT (level 1) A-AB-yd-mq-n-7-c Beta = -.36 p < .05 EXTREME anxiety (level 3)vs NOT (level 1) O-SLu-u-sq-n-7-c Beta = -.24 p < .01 SOME anxiety (level 2)vs NOT (level 1) O-SLu-u-sq-n-7-c Beta = -.49 p < .01 EXTREME anxiety (level 3)vs NOT (level 1)

All beta's controlled for:
- Mobility restrictions
- Self-care restrictions
- Usual activities restrictions  
- Pain
Beta's remain significant when additionally controlled for:
- household income
- gender
- age, age squared
- unemployment
- sick from work, disabled
- retired
- homemaker
- 2nd job
- marital status
- ethnicity