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Correlational findings

Study Bjornskov et al. (2008): study ZZ 1997 /1

Public
18+ aged, general public, 70 nations, 1997-2000
Sample
Respondents
N = 87748
Non Response
Assessment
Interview: face-to-face

Correlate

Authors's Label
religious service participation
Our Classification
Operationalization

6:   more than once a week
5:   once a month
4:   on common holy day
3:   on specific holy day
2:   once a year
1:   less than once a year
0:   no participation

Observed Relation with Happiness

Happiness Measure Statistics Elaboration / Remarks O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a = Individual happiness (not average) by participation in (religious) service attendance. O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a Beta = +.10 ns >once a week (compared to no participation) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a Beta = +.07 ns once a week (compared to no participation) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a Beta = +.05 ns once a month (compared to no participation) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a Beta = -.03 ns on common holy day (compared to no participation) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a Beta = -.01 ns on specific holy day (compared to no participation) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a Beta = +.01 ns once a year (compared to no participation) O-SLW-c-sq-n-10-a Beta = -.05 ns less than once a year (compared to no participation).

Beta's controlled for other individual level variables:
- religion
- conservative ideology
- confidence in parliament
- trust most people
- income
- age
- gender
- education
- marital status
- children
- selfemployed
- housewife
- retired
- student
- unemployed
- belief in superior being

Beta's are more positive if additionally controlled for aggregated variables at country level:
- infant mortality
- years of independence
- share of catholics
- share of protestants
- bicameral system
- openness to trade
- investment price level
- postcommunist
- Asia
- Latin America
- Africa
- Middle East and North Africa