Schaefer & Bayley (1963): study US 1929 /1

Publication

Author(s):

Schaefer, E.S.; Bayley, N.

Title:

Maternal Behavior, Child Behavior and Their Intercorrelation.

Source:

Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Serial no. 87, 1963, Vol. 28, 3 - 127

Investigation

Public

Girls, followed from age 0 to 18, Berkely, California, USA, 1929-47

Sample

Respondents

N = 19

Non Response

Assessment

Multiple assesment methods
Observations of behavior and interviews in childhood and adolescence

Happiness Measure(s) and Distributional Findings

Full text:

Clinical rating.

Ratings by four judges on the basis of notes from observations and interviews between age 12-18.

Ratings were made on  the following dimensions:
A. discontented
B. unhappy
C. dissatisfied
D. complaints

Rating options:
1  not at all true
2  
3
4  average
5
6
7
8  extremely true

Summation: not reported

Classification:

O-Sum-g-rc-v-7-a

Author's label:

Adolescent Discontent

Error estimates:

Reliability: Kuder-Richardson formula (p 38): .83 Validity:

Full text:

Self report in focused interview

Rating two independent interviewers.
A. Psychiatric social worker who interviewed parents at home. Interview focused on child
B. Clinical psychologist who interviewed parents separately. Interview focused on family  life.

Rating options:
7 extremely cheerful, animated, jolly
6
5
4  usually good-humored air
3
2
1  dejected, melancholic appearance, in the dumps

Summation: average ratings A and B

Classification:

A-CP-g-fi-v-7-a

Author's label:

Adolescent Cheerfulness

Error estimates:

Reliability: Kuder-Richardson formula (p 38): .83 Validity:

Correlational Findings

Author's label Subject Description Finding Personality in childhood (age 2 to 8) Earlier personality traits Cheerfulness O-open by A-CA
Rating of happiness by interviewer Personality in adolescence (age 12-18) PERSONALITY: CURRENT TRAITS Emotional tone in babyhood (age 0-3) Past happiness ( 1 to 10 years ago)
Long term happiness (< 10 years ago)